{"id":2098,"date":"2025-05-12T17:59:16","date_gmt":"2025-05-12T13:59:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/math.org.ge\/?p=2098"},"modified":"2025-05-12T18:16:25","modified_gmt":"2025-05-12T14:16:25","slug":"pontryagin-and-diff-games","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/math.org.ge\/index.php\/2025\/05\/12\/pontryagin-and-diff-games\/","title":{"rendered":"\u10d2\u10d6\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d1\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 – \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d8\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da \u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u10d0\u10db \u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10ea\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10de\u10dd\u10e5\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10ea\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8. \u10de\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10d2\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4-20 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d7\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1. \u10d4\u10e1 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d4\u10e0 \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd \u10e0\u10ec\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7. \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4, \u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d9\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8-\u10db\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10d3\u10d0\u10d4\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc. \u10d1\u10d8\u10ed\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10dd\u10e0 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0 \u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10dd\u10ef\u10d0\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e7\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d3\u10e6\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10db \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10e0\u10e6\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0…<\/p>\n

\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0 1908 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 21 \u10d0\u10d2\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e1, \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8. \u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10dc\u10df\u10d8\u10dc\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10dd\u10ea\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0. \u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0 \u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1 13 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d3\u10d0, \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10dd\u10ef\u10d0\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3 \u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d4\u10ec\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0. \u10d1\u10d8\u10ed\u10db\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10d8\u10e6\u10dd \u10de\u10e0\u10d8\u10db\u10e3\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10d7\u10e5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3. \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10ec\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10f0\u10e5\u10dd\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0, \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d9\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0. \u10e5\u10d8\u10e0\u10e3\u10e0\u10d2\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d7 \u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10db \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e3\u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0 \u10db\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0. \u10e0\u10d0\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d7\u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5 \u10e8\u10d4\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e9\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1, \u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10e0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10d0.<\/p>\n

\u10db\u10d0\u10dc \u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10ec\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10d0. \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10d9\u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10d9\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10db\u10d0, \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10ec\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7, \u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10e1. \u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7 \u10d0\u10ea\u10e0\u10d4\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10db \u10d2\u10d0\u10e3\u10e6\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10ec\u10e3\u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd \u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d0\u10ea\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0: “\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d5\u10d4\u10e6\u10d0\u10e0 \u10d8\u10e1\u10ec\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1. \u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10dd\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10e1, \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10e3\u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd\u10d3, \u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d4\u10e6\u10d0\u10e0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1”. \u10ec\u10e3\u10d7\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e9\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2, \u10d1\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0 \u10ec\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0: — “\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d8\u10d2\u10e0\u10d8\u10d2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8”, “\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10e8\u10d8\u10ea \u10db\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d7”, “\u10d2\u10d0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10db\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10db\u10d6\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d7”, “\u10db\u10d4 \u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10da \u10d2\u10d0\u10d2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8”; “\u10db\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7 \u10d0\u10da\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8”; – \u10db\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10ea\u10da\u10d8\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10da\u10d0\u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d9\u10e1. \u10db\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10db\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d4\u10d2\u10db\u10d0, \u10d7\u10e3 \u10d5\u10d8\u10dc \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1, \u10d5\u10d8\u10dc \u10e0\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e3\u10ee\u10e1\u10dc\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0. \u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10ef\u10d3\u10dd\u10db\u10d8 \u10d9\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8, \u10d2\u10d0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1, \u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10da\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e9\u10e3\u10e0\u10e9\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0, \u10d7\u10e3 \u10e0\u10d0\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10ec\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4. \u10d9\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e9\u10e3\u10db\u10d4 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d2\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0 \u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10da\u10e1 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0. \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0 \u10e3\u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0\u10d7 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8!<\/p>\n

\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10db \u10d5\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0. \u10d8\u10d2\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10dc\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 1927 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10ea\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0. \u10d3\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10dd \u2013 \u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10dd \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10de\u10d8\u10e0. \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0. \u10e5\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10db\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10ea\u10d3\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d4\u10d3\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d4\u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d0. \u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10f0\u10e5\u10dd\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0, \u10db\u10d0\u10dc \u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10ec\u10e7\u10dd \u10d0\u10db \u10db\u10d4\u10ea\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10ec\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d0, \u10e0\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e2\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8. \u10d3\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10db \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e6\u10dd \u2014 \u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10db \u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10d0 \u10dd\u10e5\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10da\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e9\u10d0\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d3\u10d0, \u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea \u10e4\u10d8\u10d6\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0-\u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10e2\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d0.<\/p>\n

\u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4 \u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10e1\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d6\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10f0\u10e5\u10dd\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0. 22 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e8\u10d8 \u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10da\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0. \u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3, \u10d8\u10d2\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10ea\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd-\u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10e2\u10e3\u10e2\u10e8\u10d8\u10ea \u10db\u10dd\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10ec\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0. 27 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d8 \u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d2\u10d0\u10d6\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10ea\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1 \u10e4\u10d8\u10d6\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0-\u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10ea\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d3\u10dd\u10e5\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10ed\u10d0.<\/p>\n

1937 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10de\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10d2\u10d8\u10dc\u10db\u10d0 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d6\u10d4. \u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ea\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10ea\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10ec\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u201e\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u201c, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d4\u10d3\u10dd \u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd \u10d7\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e9\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1.<\/p>\n

\u10da\u10d4\u10d5 \u10de\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10d2\u10d8\u10dc\u10db\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e2\u10dd\u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8. \u10db\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e3\u10ec\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10e2 \u10ef\u10d2\u10e3\u10e4\u10d7\u10d0 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 (\u10e4\u10e3\u10dc\u10e5\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1) \u10d7\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0 (\u10de\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10d2\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8), \u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10e6\u10ec\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10f0\u10dd\u10db\u10dd\u10e2\u10dd\u10de\u10d8\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ef\u10d2\u10e3\u10e4\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1. \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4, \u10de\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10d2\u10d8\u10dc\u10db\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10da\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10dd\u10e9\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10e5\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10e7\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10de\u10e2\u10dd\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8.<\/p>\n

\u10db\u10d4\u10ea\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d8\u10d7, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d6\u10d4\u10ea \u10e9\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d1\u10d0 \u10dd\u10de\u10e2\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0. \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d4\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d8\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10ea.<\/p>\n

\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10ea\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10ea\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 1988 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 3 \u10db\u10d0\u10d8\u10e1\u10e1, 79 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e8\u10d8.<\/p>\n

\u10d3\u10d8\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u2014 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10e5\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e2\u10e3\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1. \u10d3\u10d8\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10ea \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0. \u10d3\u10d8\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da \u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e6\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d8\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 – \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10ea \u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10dc. \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10dd\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4 \u10d4\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1. \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10dc \u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d8\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da \u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1.<\/p>\n

\u10d3\u10d8\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10ec\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea \u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10d0: \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u2014 \u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8, \u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4 \u2014 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8. \u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d5\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 Z(t) \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10e3\u10da M \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10e1; \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d2\u10d0\u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e5\u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10ee\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d0\u10db \u10d5\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 M-\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd.<\/p>\n

\u10d3\u10d8\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da \u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10d8\u10e5\u10dc\u10d0 1960-\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u2014 \u10da. \u10de\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10d2\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1, \u10e0. \u10d0\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d9\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1, \u10da. \u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d9\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1, \u10e3. \u10e4\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0.<\/p>\n

\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7-\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8, \u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10ea \u10d3\u10d8\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10ec\u10e7\u10dd, \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10e0\u10e3\u10e4\u10e3\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10d8 (\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d8 1951 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e6\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 1965 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0). \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10db\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0, \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10d4.\u10ec. \u201e\u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u201c. \u10d0\u10e6\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10d8, \u201e\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u201c \u10d3\u10d0 \u201e\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1\u201c \u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10de\u10d4\u10d3\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e6\u10ec\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da \u10de\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1 \u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10db\u10dd\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0.<\/p>\n

\u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u201e\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8\u201c \u10db\u10dd\u10eb\u10e0\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d0, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u201e\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u201c \u10d1\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10e1\u10ec\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d8\u10d0, \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d6\u10e6\u10e3\u10d3\u10e3\u10da\u10d8. \u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e3\u10d3\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10dc, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d0\u10e0\u10ea \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d8\u10e6\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u2014 \u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e3\u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1. \u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d0: \u10e0\u10d0 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d0 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e8\u10d4\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10dd\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ec\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1, \u10d0\u10dc \u10e8\u10d4\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d7\u10e3 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e3\u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10d3\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10ef\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1?<\/p>\n

\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d8\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10da\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0 \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1 \u2014 \u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e3\u10ec\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10e2 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e3\u10ec\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10e2 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d5\u10e0\u10ea\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8. \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10d8\u10e5\u10dc\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e6\u10e0\u10d8\u10ea\u10ee\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8. \u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10e1, \u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d6\u10e3\u10da \u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 \u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10ea \u10d0\u10e5\u10d5\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u2014 \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10dd\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8.<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10e6\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d0\u10db \u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e6\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e5\u10d5\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1. \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d8\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d7 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8, \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u201e\u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u201c \u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5 \u10db\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u2014 \u201e\u10e1\u10d0\u10de\u10d0\u10e2\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u201c.<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10db \u10e1\u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10de\u10d0\u10e2\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10dd \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d8\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7-\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7 \u10d2\u10d6\u10d0\u10ef\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d6\u10d4. \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e5\u10d5\u10e1 \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10ee\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8, \u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10ee\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d4\u10d2\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0. \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10eb\u10e0\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u2014 \u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10e3\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7. \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10dd\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e0 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10e1\u10ec\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d8\u10d0, \u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10eb\u10e0\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ea\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e3\u10ec\u10d4\u10d5\u10d7, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d0\u10ea \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e3\u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10dc. \u10e1\u10d0\u10d2\u10d6\u10d0\u10dd \u10ec\u10d4\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10d8\u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10ee\u10dc\u10d8\u10d5 \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d9\u10e0\u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d6\u10d0\u10ef\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e5\u10d5\u10d7: \u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d0 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd\u10dc \u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ef\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10d5 \u10db\u10dd\u10e3\u10ee\u10d5\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc. \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7-\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0.<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10db \u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10e2\u10e3\u10da \u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d6\u10d0\u10ef\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10dd \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10ed\u10d0\u10d3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0\u10d0. \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10db\u10ea\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e4\u10d8\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d6\u10d4\u10ea \u10db\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10dd\u10eb\u10e0\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u2014 \u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10e4\u10d8\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d0.<\/p>\n

\u2022 \u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d2\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10dc \u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da \u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10e1 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1.
\n\u2022 \u10db\u10dd\u10eb\u10e0\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10ee\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u2014 \u10d6\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d7, \u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d7, \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ef\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10d5 \u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10ee\u10dc\u10d8\u10d5, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10d2\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d6\u10d4.
\n\u2022 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10dd \u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7 \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1, \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u2014 \u10dd\u10e0 \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4.
\n\u2022 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10db \u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d0 \u10d0\u10dc \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10e1, \u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ef\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10e1 (\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7 \u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8: \u10ef\u10d4\u10e0 \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4 \u10dd\u10e0 \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0). \u10d0\u10dc\u10e3, \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ef\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10d5 \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d0 \u2014 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10ee\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10da\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1. \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7 \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ef\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10d5 \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7 \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 – \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7 \u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e3\u10e8\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0.
\n\u10d3\u10d0\u10ed\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10d7\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10ee\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10d8\u10db 8 \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0, \u10db\u10d4\u10d6\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u2014 \u10d6\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc, \u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc, \u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10d2\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d6\u10d4.
\n\"\"<\/p>\n

\u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10da\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10da\u10e3\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4. \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1 (\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10d3\u10d0\u10e8\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10ee\u10e3\u10da \u10ec\u10e0\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d0\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8) \u10e3\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da \u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d0 A \u10d0\u10dc B-\u10d6\u10d4. \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d0 A-\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 C \u10d0\u10dc D \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd B-\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u2014 E \u10d0\u10dc F-\u10d6\u10d4. (\u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10dd\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10e4\u10d8\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e1\u10d4, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d8\u10db \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10ea \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10eb\u10e0\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0). \u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10e3\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1 (\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10d3\u10d0\u10e8\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d0\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8) \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d6\u10d4 W, X, Y \u10d3\u10d0 Z. \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3, \u10d7\u10e3 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d8\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 F \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u2014 \u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d0\u10dc \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10d8\u10db \u10e0\u10d5\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4\u10d0 (\u10d8\u10da\u10e3\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e8\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0), \u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ed\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e9\u10d0\u10d8\u10d7\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc.<\/p>\n

\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0, \u10e0\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e6\u10ec\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1? \u10d0\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d8\u10db \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea \u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0, \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8, \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 69 \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc. \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e5\u10d5\u10e1 \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0, \u10d0\u10db \u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d8\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d8\u10e1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u2014 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0. \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea \u2014 \u10d7\u10e3 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e6\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7, \u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e7\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e3\u10e1\u10ef\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d4\u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1 \u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10e1. (\u10d2\u10d0\u10d8\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d3\u10d0\u10e4\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10dd.)<\/p>\n

\u10e1\u10ea\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e3\u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10de\u10dd\u10d5\u10dd\u10d7 \u10d4\u10e1 69 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e6\u10e3\u10de\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d0. \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d7 50×50 \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e4\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10d6\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10ea\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10e8\u10d8. \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10ec\u10e7\u10d4\u10d7 \u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8. \u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10db \u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d8\u10e5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8, \u10d8\u10d2\u10d8 \u10db\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10de\u10e0\u10d8\u10d6\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3 \u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0. \u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10e3\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d7\u10d0 \u201e\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u201c, \u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10de\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7, \u10ea\u10d3\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10e8\u10d4\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e4\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4 \u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10ec\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10ed\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc.<\/p>\n

\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e5\u10db\u10d0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0, \u10db\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10ef\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10dd\u10d3 \u10e9\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d1\u10dd\u10d7 \u10d8\u10e1 \u10d6\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10ea\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0. \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8\u10ea \u2014 \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d6\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d3 \u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10dd\u10d4\u10e3\u10da \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d8\u10ea\u10ee\u10d5\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10d7\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc \u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d4\u10ec\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10e1, \u10d8\u10db \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d7\u10e3 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4 \u10db\u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10dd\u10de\u10e2\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1.<\/p>\n

\u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10dd\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d8\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d7 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea: \u10d3\u10d0\u10d5\u10e3\u10e8\u10d5\u10d0\u10d7, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d8\u10e1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10d8\u10da\u10e3\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d0\u10e6\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10ec\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u2014 \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10d8\u10db \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7. \u10d0\u10db \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e3\u10e1\u10ef\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d4\u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10e1 \u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10e1. \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd \u10e3\u10ef\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d4\u10ec\u10d8\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10d8\u10db \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4 \u10db\u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10d8\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1 \u10dd\u10de\u10e2\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u10da\u10d4\u10d5 \u10de\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10d2\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 (1908-1988) – \u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7-\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10e1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10d0\u10ea 14 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0 \u10db\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0. \u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d7 \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0, \u10db\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d0\u10da\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d8\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da \u10e2\u10dd\u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8. \u10d0\u10db \u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10ea\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10de\u10dd\u10e5\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10ea\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8. \u10de\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10d2\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4-20 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d7\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1. \u10d4\u10e1 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2103,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[24,23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2098","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gt","category-scientists"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/math.org.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Pontryagin-Lev.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/math.org.ge\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2098","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/math.org.ge\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/math.org.ge\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/math.org.ge\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/math.org.ge\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2098"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/math.org.ge\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2098\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2110,"href":"https:\/\/math.org.ge\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2098\/revisions\/2110"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/math.org.ge\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2103"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/math.org.ge\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2098"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/math.org.ge\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2098"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/math.org.ge\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2098"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}